Refrigerating apparatus.



.J. HAMERSLBY'. REFBIGERAT'ING APPARATUS. APPLIOATION FILED 00!. 7,1911.

Patented July 21, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

i flamers;

Wam mom J. HAMERSLEY; REFRIGERATING APPARATUS. APPLICATION 11.21) 00?. '1, m1.

Patented July 21, 19M

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

iii/r r um/N304 J07zn f/amers@ J, HAMBRSLEY. REFRIGF'RATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED 0012?. um.

1,104,665. Patented July 21, 191;

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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mm HAMERSLEY, or new comnns'rown, 01110.

nnrmenna'rmo APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters lateut; Application filed October 7, 1911. Serial No. 653,893.

Patented July 21,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN l ls vrnnsmr, a citizen-of the United States, residingat New .Comerstown, in the county of Tuscarawas and, State of Ohio, have invented new and useful .I mpro'vemcnts in Refrigerating Apara'tus, of which the following is a specication.

Y 'This in'vention relates to improvements in refrigerating apparatus and of systems .of

the absorption type, the .object'of the invention being to provide arrefrigerating species, including a novel construction of receptacles 'nsled-sucressively-as*stillsand absorbers, and

embodyinga simple, reliable and eificlent organization of parts"; insuring safety,

' fiovvfo' "the'gasYm-the absorption liquid .drawil l-gsicdnstiftutihg a part ofthis.

. vvithoiit objectionable -n oi s'e Reference 'to be -.had' to the accompany-' specification, whichfsimilar characters of reference denote corresponding parts in all. thsview d n whichi Fig'ure ;l' istJ-side elevation of my apparates, embodying mypreferred manner ofconnecting i-theproducing tanks. Fig. 2 is a verticalsectional vievv through one of the producing". tanks; fFigi 3 is a plan view of the producing tank. Eig. 4 is a horizontal transverse sectional view-taken substantially n the*1ine-44 in Fig. 2,-looking' in the direction-of the arrow. Fi 5 is a fragmentary hor zontal sectional view of one of the producing tanks and taken substa'ntially on theline 55 in Fig. 2 to disclose in plan thesiphonhcirculator Fig.6 is a fragmentary-sectional view through ope portionof the siphon irculator, I a,

provide a pluralityof similar -,ge-nerat i ngntanks 1'0, 11.mounte'd' onplatinner casing 13, .the space;between theouter. casing 12 and theinner casing 13, cqnst-L tuting -a water .-cooling chamber 14 and the --s"pace provided within theinner casing 13 constituting is producing chamber 15.; ;A head 1.6 :is positioned each of the tanks forms-1'0,"11", su'pportedby suitable legs '10", 11* respectively. The tanks and 11 each consist, of an outer casing; 12 and an --i10,and; 11 ari'dreaiah ofthe said-heads are connected. to. respective platforms 10?,

V11Mby longitudinally extending boltrods 1''? Referring morev particularly to th vari- I ousviews;

' terminating in a high pressure pipe l 'havin connection with a. condenser '20 consist- .ing of a coil 21.- A check valve 22' is pr0- .vided in the pipe 18 anda similar-check fhalve 22 is provided in the pipe 18*,"the said check va ves being adapted to prevent the ammonia from the chambers '15 o f-the tanks '10 and 11 from passing backwardly into the tanksafter the same hasbecn forced into the pipes 18 and 18'; A refrigerant receiving or storage tank 23 is rovided,

. having connection with the con enser 20.

through a pipe 24 and said tank 22?: is connected to a freezing tank25 by means of a pipe 26 provided with an expansion valve 27, adapted to regulate the flow of the liquid refrigerant to the freezing or cxpansion coil 28in the tank 25. The coil. 28 is connected at one end with the pipe 26 and the other end'of the .coil 28 is connected to a pipe 29 constituting a low pressure pipe, the said 7 1 pipe 29 being provided. with acontrolling valve 30 and a pressure gage 31. The low pressure pipe 29 terminates in two 0 0- sitely extending arms 32, -32,-each having connection with the lower ends'of the-charm hers 15 through the cooling chambers 14: of-

the respective tanks 30 and 11. The arms 32 and 32* are provided with the usual check valvcs 33 and controlling valves 34- its-will be seen by referring to Fig. 1.

Secnred to the arms32 and32f "at their lower ends and extending inwardly into the chambers 15 are ciroulators '35, one of the said clrculators being secured to each t'rthe arms-32, 32'. Each of the said- 'circul'ator's 35 consists of a tubular bod 36 bent to conform to,the inner per.ip eral' surface of the chambers 15 and the/said provided with a series of spacedi-nclined apertures 37-, shields 38 having .a frusto conical shape being to the body 36; and extend; .ig .="rearwardly therefrom adjacent thei apertures1.. 37.;as .s'hown in q igs; 5 and 6. Extended upwardly substantially through the'heads 16 0f;the:tanks'IO,11

and having connection with V the lchamberfs .ilfi -ar e pipes 39, 39"; respectively, each ha'v;

. end thereof. Connected to the pipe 39 below the pop valve 40 is a pipe 41 having. its other endlcennected to the pop valve '0'11 the pipe 39* and connected to the pipe 39 is a pipe 41 having its other nd connected to the pop valve on the pipe 39. Gages 42- are mounted on the tanks 10 and 11, and extended upwardly from each of the heads 16 of the tanks 10 and 11 are thermometers 43 and pressure gages 44, the aid thermometers and pressure gages each eing connected with. the chambers 15 of that-respective tanks 10 and 11 to indicate the temperature of the ammonia contained int-he chambers and the pressure of the ammonia.

--A water supply 45 has-connection with arms 46, 46 the arm 46 being connected, with the cooling chamber 14 of the tank 10 and the arm 46 being'connected with the cooling chamber 14 of the tank 11, the said,

arms 46, 46 being each provided with controlling valves 47. '7 v .Extending into the tanks 10 and 11 is a pipe 48 having connection with heating coils'49 mounted to encircle burners 50 connected with fuel supply pipes 50, the said heating coils terminating in' pipes 50 con- .nected to a .combined charging and drain pipe 51., valves 52 being provided to control the supply of ammonia to the heating coils and tanks and a valve 53 being pro- "ided' in the pipe 48 to control the supply of amm oniato either of the tanks. In practiee, each tanklO'and 11 is'supplied with aqua ammonia up to a desired levelindicated by the gage 42, .this being effected either by opening one of the valves52- and supplying. water charged with the ammonia gas thr9ugh the pipe 51' and associated coil to the tank connected there- -with, or by first feeding the water to the tank through the connections described and then supplying gas through the same connectipns until the water absorbs the proper amount ofgas, when the valve 52 is closed. Assuming that both tanksareproperly charged at the outset of the opera, tion, and that the tank 10 is first set into action, it will be understood that the associated coil 49 is heated from the ccnct'ing burner 50, thus heating the water in said coil which is in open communication with through the coil between the tank and coil being set up as in the single pipe circulate 1 ing a pop valve 40 mounted at the upper.

the tank 10, a' circulation of the water and the coolingby the water flowing over the condenser, the ammonia is condensed into liquid form. This liquid passes to the storage receptacle 23, from which it flows through the expansion or regulating valve 27 into the freezing coil 28 on the low pres sure side of the system and is evaporated by the heat received from the substance to be cooled,.and takes up or absorbs such heat in the well known manner. The -ammonia gas resulting from this evaporation passeseback through the pipe 29 and open valves 30 and 34 to the tank 11 and is absorbed by the water in said tank. l/Vhen practically all of the absorbed ammonia has been driven off from the first tank, the sec- 0nd tank will have absorbed its quota. The

heating means connected with the tank 10 is then.cut'out-of action, and the heating means connected with the tank 11 set into action so that the gas absorbed by the water in the tank 11 will be evaporated and caused to flow .under pressure to the condenser where it is liquefied and the refrigerating process above described is repeated. While the aqua ammonia in the tank 11 is being heated, cooling water is supplied to the .tank 10 to reducethe temperature of the water therein, in ordenthat such tank may perform its function as an absorber,-1t bemg understood, of course, that the tanks act alternately as stills and absorbers to maintain a continuity of the refrigerating operation, the heating devices being governed and the valves properly opened and closed to control the flow .of the ammonia. When either tank is employed as an absorber, the low pressure gas flowing therein f through the pipe 29 passes into the arm 32 and downwardly through the cooling chamber 14, after which it will fiow into the circulator 35 and discharge into and circulates through the water contained in the chamber 15.of the tank, By the action of .this circula-tor the ammonia is distributed throughout the body of water and rapid absorption action obtained.

As a means of preventing excess pressure in either of the tanks .10 or 11, thus inducing an expansion in one of the tanks, I have provided a safety device operable by means of the pop valves 10 and the pipes 41,441 connecting the said pop valves with the pipes 39, 39*. If, for instance, an excess pressure of ammonia is generated in the chamber 15 of the tank 10,.the pop valve 40, regulated to operate at a specified pressure will assume an open posit-ion, thus permitting the excess ammonia to pass through the pipe 41 and-into the chamber 15 of the tank 11, thus iirimarily employir'ig the tank ll as an absorbing apparatus and if for any reason "an pressure is generated in the-tank 11, a similar process of transformation as has been described will take place relatively to the tank by "means of the pop. valve 40 on the ipe 329* so that the pressure in both the tan s 10 and 11 will be substantially equal at all times, thus minimizing the danger of explosions and the wearing out of one tank spew than the other.

. From the fore description it will be seen that my invention provides a refrig crating apparatus of the character described which is simple of construction, reliable and efiieient in action andof an economical type. --It will be further seen that my device the use of the usual large amount of interior piping is dispensed with and dangerous explosions are avoided by permitting any excess gas in one tank to flow into the other tank thus relatively equalizing the pressure in both tanks. g y

In the use of the circulators l pmi'llie means whereby the usual noiseetfciisloned by ammonia as contacti! with water is en- 3 g what I claim as new, is

1. In arefrigerating apparatus, a stillabsorber, a refrigerating coil associated therewith, a condenser in the line of connection between the still-absorber and coil, a low'pressure pipe for conveying the spent refrigerant from the coil and a circulate! within the still absorber and communicating with said pipe, said circulator comprising a cylindrical conductor extending artiully around the still-absorber and provi ed with a series of spaced inclined discharge apertin-cs, and a conical shield secured to the circulatorbody and arranged to surround the apertures.

2. In a refrigerating apparatus, a stillabsorber, a acket surrounding the same and forming a cooling'chamber, means for supplying a cooling agent thereto, a refrigerating'coil, high and low pressure pipes con .nected with the coil and condenser in the high pressure pipe, an expansion valve in i said high pressure pipe between the condenser and coil, a circulat'or within the still-' absorber and comprising a cylindrical body extending partially around the same, a pipe leading from the low pressure pipe through said cooling chamber to said cylindrical .bin'ation ofa pairof st ll a body, Said hi d leal they Biaing provided with discharge apertures, and a PeMWilr'dIy extending conical shield secured to the cylindrical body and surrounding said apertures.

3. In a refrigerating apparatus, the eerie bination of a pair of still absorhers, a crating coil, :1 high press pipe, valved connections between said high pressure pipe and the respective still-absorbers, a condenser in said pipe, an expansion valve in said pipe "between the condenser and coil, a low pressure pipe connected with the cell, valved connections between said low ipe and therespective atllhabserbers, vent pipes communicating with the still =alst5ib5 ers, each provided with a safety valve, and apipeconllection between the safety valve cf Jaehvent pipe and the other vent pipe below the safety valve therein.

4.. In a refrigeratin apparatus; the with bination of a pair of stl babeerbers, a refi l??? crating coil, a high pressure pipe eehi' eeted with the coil, valved eeiiiieictlehs'betiveeh the high pressure pipe and the stllhabseia (,lS, a condenser in the high pressure pflpeari expansion valve iii the high p assure pipe between themed-c eer a eeiiheetlhg means between the still" laser are attaining el-leivalverlih'ter'ceihhlilhi a .0 the passage of excess pressure from t e to the other, cooling jacketssuiireill'liil'fl the stillabsorbers, ipes dispersed Wit iii said iiii 'jackets, eireuaters within thestilhabsorbers and cohimnhleatihg with said plpes, h low pressure pipe connected with tl eeeil, and

valved connections between said low pressure pipe and the laseiiahied pl i s.

5. In a refrigerating ap' ara us, the co nsorbe'r's, a refr1g crating coil, high and lowpressure lines, valved connections between the respective still-absorbers and the high and low pressure lines, whereby the still-absorbers may be alternately employed as stills and ab-' sorbers, in connection with'a common refrigcrating system, a water supply pipe connecting the still and absorbers, a controlling valve in said pipe, a main watersupply pipe, valved branches connecting the same with said water supply pipe on opposite sides of saidcontrolling valve, said branches-having heating coils-therein, and burners for heating said coils.)

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature 

